Warith Scientific Journal

Analysis of indicators of economic complexity and export structure in Iraq: addressing challenges and exploiting opportunities

root root — Mon, 30 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study highlights the analysis of the complexity of Iraq's economy and export structure given the challenges the country faces in its export diversification efforts. The aim of the study is to propose a conceptual framework for the theory of economic complexity and related concepts through understanding the concept of economic complexity and its indicators, to analyze the structure of exports and indicators of economic complexity in Iraq and the largest Challenges facing the country. Complexity and diversification of exports in Iraq. It also explores opportunities and potential measures that could help increase economic complexity and improve export patterns. This is achieved through a descriptive and analytical methodology to achieve the research objectives, drawing on data from the Atlas of Economic Complexity as well as data and information from various sources such as previous studies and research, official reports and reliable websites.The study shows that the Iraqi economy is one of the least complex economies according to the Economic Complexity Index and has not improved its cognitive and productive capabilities, especially in the last twenty years.In 2022, it ranked 104th by value (-0.9939). Specializing in less developed and less complex products, Iraq has a structure focused on the production and export of oil, gas and petroleum products, with weak links to other products, due to the country's inability to create new ones due to existing opportunities Making products promotes production. of alternative products. Crude oil is the world's least complex export product. Therefore, the study recommends thatrelevant authorities in the industrial sector in particular formulate industrial and trade policies aimed at increasing economic complexity and understanding its importance and impact on the Iraqi economy.This includes complicating current products to facilitate their transition to product lines that are geographically closer to Iraqi products, thereby enabling Iraq to produce new, highly complex goods where their production requires capabilities comparable to those currently produced .

The role of oil price changes on human development indicators in the Iraqi economy during the period from 2000- 2020

root root — Thu, 11 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Oil-exporting countries possess natural wealth. They are characterized as rich countries, which dream of achieving prosperity and economic progress in all fields, taking advantage of the oil revenues they gain from exporting their natural wealth. These countries are supposed to invest these wealth in a way that develops people and develops their skills to achieve their well-being, which is what makes us We ask more than one question, inquiring about the causes of this shortage and ways to remedy it at a time when the oil- producing countries have achieved great progress in oil revenues due to the continuous increase in oil prices without a significant increase in human development indicators, especially in the Iraqi economy. This study aims to highlight the role of changes in oil prices. Oil on human development indicators, given that the Iraqi oil economy depends in large part of its revenues on oil exports. Hence, the study came to clarify the large discrepancy between the volume of oil revenues and human development indicators for Iraq, due to the continuous increase in oil prices and the absence of a significant increase in human development indicators, especially Iraq. . Through our hypothesis, we have found a positive relationship between oil price changes and human development indicators, but this relationship is still weak in the Iraqi economy. The study also recommended paying attention to the issue of human development and its various indicators by directing research centers and universities to these studies in a way that contributes to the development of human resources in the Iraqi economy

The dynamic impact of monetary policy variables on bank liquidity...An analytical study of a sample of Iraqi banks for the period from 2006 - 2022

root root — Thu, 11 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Bank liquidity and its relationship to monetary policy variables are among the important topics that have an impact on the Iraqi economy. The changes that occur in bank liquidity are affected by one or all of the monetary policy variables in the dynamic movement between these variables. Bank liquidity has an impact in dealing with economic situations of inflation or recession. An increase in bank liquidity has a role in providing financing for many investment and infrastructure projects through granting credit and other banking services, and this has an impact on increasing production, financial stability, and achieving monetary policy goals. Banking liquidity is the focus of attention and scrutiny of many researchers, but in most cases their auditing thought and scientific research have neglected the process of studying at these two levels, that is, the overall level and the effects that monetary policy variables can have on banking liquidity and comparing these results with the effects that can be achieved. Monetary policy variables in bank liquidity at the micro level for each bank individually. Hence, the monetary policy maker must take these two matters into account when planning the monetary policy and using its tools, mechanisms and variables, completely and partially, and then the picture is complete for him in order to achieve the objectives of monetary policy in achieving monetary and financial stability and ensuring A unified impact of monetary policy measures in influencing bank liquidity at the macro level of the banking system as a whole and the micro level of each bank separately. Thus, banks are within the monetary policy directions and a means of creating financial and monetary stability in the Iraqi economy.